Acute effects of 15min static or contract-relax stretching modalities on plantar flexors neuromuscular properties

Abstract 

The present study aimed to investigate the immediate effects of 15min static or sub-maximal contract-relax stretching modalities on the neuromuscular properties of plantar flexor muscles. Ten male volunteers were tested before and immediately after 15min static or contract-relax stretching programs of plantar flexor muscles (20 stretches). Static stretching consisted in 30s stretches to the point of discomfort. For the contract-relax stretching modality, subjects performed 6s sub-maximal isometric plantar flexion before 24s static stretches. Measurements included maximal voluntary isometric torque (MVT) and the corresponding electromyographic activity of soleus (SOL) and medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscles (RMS values), as well as maximal peak torque (Pt) elicited at rest by single supramaximal electrical stimulation of the tibial nerve. After 15min stretching, significant MVT and SOL RMS decreases were obtained (−6.9±11.6% and −6.5±15.4%, respectively). No difference was obtained between stretching modalities. Pt remained unchanged after stretching. MG RMS changes were significantly different between stretching modalities (−9.4±18.3% and +3.5±11.6% after static and contract-relax stretching modalities, respectively). These findings indicated that performing 15min static or contract-relax stretching had detrimental effects on the torque production capacity of plantar flexor muscles and should be precluded before competition. Mechanisms explaining this alteration seemed to be stretch modality dependent.

Keywords: Electromyography, Evoked contractions, Maximal voluntary contractions, Medial gastrocnemius, Soleus