A population-based study of sport and recreation-related head injuries treated in a Canadian health region

Abstract 

Objectives

To report the rates of SR-related HIs presenting to EDs in a Canadian population-based sample.

Design

Descriptive epidemiology study.

Methods

Using administrative data, sport and recreation-related emergency department presentations for persons 0–35 years of age, from April 1997 through March 2008, were obtained from the Edmonton Zone (formerly the Capital Health Region), Alberta Health Services through the Ambulatory Care Classification System.

Results

Of the 3,230,890 visits to the emergency departments of the five hospitals in Edmonton, 63,219 sport and recreation-related injury records and 4935 sport and recreation-head injury records were identified. Head injuries were most frequently treated for the activities of hockey (20.7%), cycling (12.0%), and skiing/snowboarding/sledding. Males accounted for 71.9% (n=3546) and patients less than 18 years of age sustained 3446 (69.8%) sport and recreation-head injuries.

Conclusions

Sport and recreation-related head injuries most frequently treated in emergency departments involve common activities such as hockey, cycling, skiing/snowboarding/sledding, and soccer. Males and those less than 18 years of age sustain the majority of sport and recreation-related head injuries treated in emergency departments. These findings underscore the importance of sport-specific policies and safety promotion for the prevention of head injuries, in sports and recreational activities.

Keywords: Head injury, Mild traumatic brain injury, Sports and recreation, Emergency department, Population-based, Canadian